Evaluation of potential water erosion of manabi basin

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International Journal of Development Research

Volume: 
7
Article ID: 
9795
5 pages
Research Article

Evaluation of potential water erosion of manabi basin

Campos Cedeno, A. F. and Palma Villavicencio, C. I.

Abstract: 

Water erosion is the most important cause of soil destruction worldwide. Thus, in Asia, out of 747 million hectares of land suffering from erosion, 60% correspond to water erosion; In Africa from 497 million, 46%; In South America, from 243 million, 51%; In Europe, from 219 million, 53%; 106 million in northern and central America, Bifany (1984). The process of erosion under the influence of water is usually measured by the volume of sediment. The Ganges, Brahmaputra, and Huanghe rivers annually transport 1,451 million, 726 million and 1,887 million tons, respectively, compared to the Mississippi, Amazon and Nile rivers, which carry only 97, 63 and 31 tons per square kilometer of the basin (Holeman 1968 ) [Santacruz de León, 2011]. Soil erosion in Ecuador is a serious environmental problem that affects a large part of the country. The use of methods for predicting the washout of the surface fertile soil layer from precipitation has not been widely used, because numerous studies have been aimed at quantifying the rate of erosion for different land uses in coastal river basin areas, and only a few have focused on forecasting- Erosion processes throughout the territory. In 1986, the Ecuadorian Center for Geographical Research (CEDIG) for the first time conducted a series of studies related to the collection of general data on erosion problems in the country [Centro Ecuatoriano de Investigación Geográfica, 1986]. In the present work, based on actual data on rainfall for 51 years and soil composition, an assessment was made of the potential water erosion of Manabi basin, located in the central-western zone of the country.

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