Genetic aspects of development of osteoporosis in premenopasal period

XXI century, in many of world community scientists’ opinion, is the century of genetics. The direct and most important achievement of genetics was decoding (reading) human genome. The international program "Human Genome" determined the rapid development and active implementation of molecular medicine and the concept of "predisposition genes" existence - genes whose mutant alleles are compatible with birth and life in the postnatal period, but under certain unfavorable conditions can contribute to the development of some diseases, into medical practice. A tendency to multifactorial (combined or complex) diseases (diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, ischemic heart disease, bronchial asthma, osteoporosis, endometriosis, some mental and oncological diseases) can also be determined immediately after birth, but their manifestation depends largely on the provoking adverse environmental factors specific to a particular disease. Considering above facts, the determination of molecular genetic causes of osteoporosis is a rather relevant task. There are several approaches to assessing the contribution of a particular candidate gene to the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. One of them is to determine the level of correlation between allele polymorphism of the candidate gene and the factors leading to the development of the disease. For this purpose, a comparison is conducted between allele frequencies of potential candidate genes in patients with osteoporosis and those who do not have this disease and, accordingly, maintain normal bone mineral density.