Influence of acid diet as a biocorrosive factor in non-carious cervical lesions - literature review

Introduction: Cervical tooth pathologies, in addition to caries, can be found in the form of carious and non-carious cervical lesions, the occurrence of which generates irreversible loss of dental structure. Non-carious cervical lesions (NCCL) involve the superficial pathological loss of dental tissue by a non-bacterial process different from that of caries. A contributory factor for the appearance of NCCLs that have been widely discussed is the acidic concentration of the diet, which may be justified by the changing eating habits of the general population, resulting in higher levels of acidic foods and beverages. Objective: to review the literature regarding the onset and progression of non-carious cervical lesions in order to better understand the biocorrosive process of dental structure versus the ingestion of foods and acidic beverages. Methods: This study consists of a narrative review of the literature where a research was carried out in the databases PUBMed, Scielo and CAPES Periodicals of articles involving subjects related to Non-Carious Cervical Lesions, regarding its definition, etiology and clinical aspects without restriction of year and language. Conclusion: The increase in the prevalence of NCCL is directly related not only to toothbrushing or abrasion by dentifrice and occlusal trauma, but also to a strong influence of biocorrosive factors such as acidic diet, occupational factors and habits. Therefore, it is of paramount importance to the clinician to distinguish the etiological factors, the characteristics that differentiate them, and their consequences, so that there is a control of the risk factors added to the clarification and awareness of the patient, propitiating to correctly target the appropriate therapy reestablishing function and aesthetics of lasting form.