Life Sciences

The seasonal variations of physico-chemical parameters were studied during July 2014 to June 2015 in the Agniar estuary (Lat.10° 20' N Long.79° 23’E ) Adirampattinam southeast coast of India. The atmospheric and water temperature ranged from 28.8ºC °C to 35.2°C and 26°C to 31.4°C respectively. The pH ranged between 7.3 and 8.6. The DO was ranged from 3.8 to 7.3 ml/l. Salinity fluctuated between 1.5‰ and 33.8‰. The DO was found to be low in summer and high during monsoon season. Similarly temperature, pH and salinity were low during monsoon and high during summer season.

The seasonal variations of heavy metal distribution were studied during July 2014 to June 2015 in the Agniar estuary (Lat.10° 20' N Long.79° 23’E) Adirampattinam southeast coast of India. The range of distribution of copper in the estuarine water and sediments are found to be 3.8 to11.6 µg/g and 33.3- 41.1 µg/g respectively. In both water and sediment maximum concentration of copper was observed in November 2014. The minimum concentration of copper was observed during March 2015 in water and June 2015 in sediments.

The median lethal concentration (LC50/96h) of Chromium Chloride for the estuarine clam, Mactra violacea was recorded to be 2.4 mg/l.  Acute chromium exposure (0.24 mg/l = 1/10th of LC50/96h) to M. violacea caused histological alterations in the chief metabolic organ namely digestive gland.  Histological studies showed that the digestive gland tissues suffered more on 72h and 96h exposures than 24h and 48h exposures.  Distinct histomorphological alterations namely epithelial degeneration, necrosis, vacuolation and granular cytoplasm were noticed in acute treated digestive diverticula of M.

Acid lime (Citrus aurantifolia) is grown different agro-climatic situation in West Bengal. The crop is commonly affected by citrus canker caused by Xanthomonas axonopdis pv. citri. There was variation in severity of the disease in different orchards. Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri isolated from five different orchard showed variation in respect to virulence and enzymatic activity. Isolates of the pathogen were XacJP from Jagannathpur, Paschim Medinipur, XacJ from Jaguli, Nadia, XacK from Kalyani, Nadia, XacMON from Mondouri, Nadia, XacMHP from Mohanpur, Nadia.

Rice is a major component of the agricultural sector in particular and the overall economy in general. Rice is one of the most important staple food for more than half of the world’s population and influences the livelihood and economies of several billion people. Paddy loss due to flooding in Bangladesh and India alone amounts to an estimated 4.0 million tons per year enough to feed 30 million people. Over 20% of rice land in Bangladesh is prone to floods which occur every year (IRRI 2010). Such produce is often sold at low price causing economical loss to the farmers.

This paper presents the results of studies on the ability to handle cyanide in metal plating wastewater in the Thanh Thuy village of Thanh Oai district, Hanoi city. The results showed that water hyacinth plants are capable of well growing in the water of pH from 6.00 to 7.00. This plant can be applied for treat cyanide in metal plating wastewater with the concentration about 0.190 mg/L. The water hyacinth with the 2days of age can be applied in treating cyanide with the highest efficiency, reached 89.4 %.

Background: Highly pathogenic Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is causing damages to the swine industry and is responsible for loss of economics. Vaccination is the most effective method to prevent and control PEDV infections. 
Methods: Recombinant virus-like particles (VLPs) by baculovirus expression vector system have been suggested as a promising platform for new viral vaccines. 

Chlorpyrifos a broad spectrum product has been in use for many applications in home and agriculture against the damages caused by pests around the globe. This extreme usage has lead to detrimental effects on biological life. The goal of the present study was to determine the toxic effects of chlorpyrifos during early development in zebrafish. The embryo/larvae were exposed to 200μg/L, 400μg/L, 600μg/L, 800μg/L and 1000μg/L of CP and observations were made at 24hpf, 48hpf, 72hpf and 96hpf. Changes in the protein content was estimated and proteins were resolved by SDS-PAGE.

In this study, the anti-Oxacillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (ORSA) activity of extracts from Eugenia pyriformis (leaf and stem), Plinia cauliflora (rind fruit, leaf, and stem), and Heliconia rostrata (flower, rhizome, leaf, and stem) was evaluated. In vitro screening of antibacterial activity of the extracts (extraction with ethanol:water [7:3, v/v]) was performed using both agar diffusion and broth microdilution assays against sixty isolates of ORSA from dental clinic (genotyped by using Multilocus Enzyme Electrophoresis method) and against S. aureus reference strain (ATCC 6538).

The present study is to analyse the impact of diluted distillery effluent on the growth  of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Of the different concentrations of the effluent used, 20% dilution was found to be best suited for the plant growth. The results indicate that after proper dilution, distillery effluent can be used effectively as a source of fertilizer irrigant. This also can be considered as an effective effluent disposal option too.