Seasonal changes in the diversity of bacteria and fungi in the soils of Mayiladuthurai Taluk, Nagapattinam District, Tamil Nadu, India

The present study deals with the diversity and distribution of fungal and bacterial population in various seasons (Monsoon, Premonsoon, Summer, Postmonsoon) from three different places of Mayiladuthurai Taluk.The physicochemical parameters of the collected soil samples were collected. The physical parameters includes the analysis of soil colour, texture, Electrical conductivity, salinity, pH, moisture content and temperature. The chemical parameters include the analysis of Calcium, Magnesium. Zinc, Iron, Manganese and Copper present in three different villages of Mayiladuthurai Taluk. Thus the present study reveals the presence of bacterial and fungal populations in the soil samples collected from Mayiladuthurai Taluk. Biodiversity of the soils represents the fertility of the soil. The surface soil consists of high content of organic matter which increases the biodiversity. So, frequent study on the biodiversity keeps up to date knowledge about the fertility. Seasonal climatic changes also influence the biodiversity of the soil by changing the physico chemical parameters. Bacteria and fungi have direct impact on crop production with different environmental conditions. These microbes are able to supply nutrients to crop to encourage plant growth for example, through the production of plant hormones and control or inhibit the activity of plant pathogen.