Situação epidemiológica da malária na amazônia legal, Brasil

The Brazilian territory of the Legal Amazon is historically endemic for malaria, an acute febrile illness whose etiological agents are the parasitic protist (Plasmodium spp.).The research analyzed the epidemiological situation of malaria in the federative units of the Amazon region, from 2010 to 2019. This is a descriptive study, where the epidemiological indicators were obtained from the available database: Ministry of Health and Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. The study area covered the states of Acre, Amapá, Amazonas, Mato Grosso, Rondônia, Roraima, Tocantins, Pará and Maranhão.The Annual Parasite Incidence (API) was used to classify the transmission areas. From a total of 1,979,065, the year of 2010 was the one with the highest record, 17% (333,461) of notifications, which 85% (282,601) are infections by P. vivax, 14% (47,112) by P. falciparum and 1% (3,574) by mixed malaria. The sum of cases between 2010 and 2019 showed that Amazonas was the most representative state for age group, sex and color/race, with 36% (n=703,685). The State maintained an mean API of 18 autochthonous cases/1,000 inhabitants. Malaria remains a public health challenge in the region, and effective public policies are needed for the health sectors.