Vitamin D. Covid-19 risk prevention recommendations: A Review

The pandemic caused by the type 2 coronavirus that started in late 2019 in Wuhan, China, has affected the world with devastating consequences for the health systems and the economy of different countries affected. The high transmissibility of the virus contributes to the high rates of cases and deaths by Covid-19. This disease presents with different clinical forms ranging from cases with few symptoms to others of high severity with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) responsible for most deaths. In the lung, the respiratory epithelium is the first line of defense against the penetration of inhaled pathogens and vitamin D is essential for the innate and adaptive immunity system. Most immune cells including B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells express vitamin D (VDR) receptors.Therefore, in the current context of this evolving pandemic with high rates of cases and deaths and the prospect of progression, it would be pertinent to apply preventive measures aimed at the organic defenses of each individual with their particularities regarding age and lifestyle and comorbidities.