Life Sciences

Child malnutrition is globally the highest risk factor for illness and death. It contributes to more than half of deaths in children worldwide. Children who lose their parents may face many hardships including food insecurity and poor child care resulting into malnutrition. However, in Kenya and the entire sub-Saharan Africa the problem of orphan-hood is expected to increase in the coming years due to more deaths from HIV/AIDS and other disasters. The objective of the study was to evaluate the intervention strategies used to enhance nutritional status of orphans in Kakamega County.

Analysis of severalseismic profiles resulting from 2D seismicr eflection allowed to study structural basis of Abidjan margin (Côte d’Ivoire) during lower Cretaceous. The principal structural features, normal faults, tilted blocks, grabens, listricfaults and structures in "flower" and "ponytail", observed mainly in Albia sedimentary series indicate that this region of Ivorianmarg in results from geological historypolyphase in connection with both large scaled extral strike movement and distension.

In great development of the Brazilian economy is largely due to coffee, and the country is one of the main producers of the fruit. The first coffee plant was brought from the French Guianas and its cultivation started in Belém. The spread of the fruit to the whole national territory was fast. The valorization of the fruit is made through its quality that is defined with a set of chemical, physical and sensory properties.

Grazing exclusion is increasingly practiced in most grassland ecosystems of the world and is the key management aspect to restore degraded grasslands. This review is initiated to explore the contribution of grazing exclusion in increasing ecosystem carbon sequestration. This review includes research findings from almost all types of terrestrial grassland ecosystems in the world. It produces conclusion from recently conducted research findings regarding the importance of grazing exclusion on biomass and soil carbon stock.

This study was carried out to investigate the role of microfinance in improving agricultural production in Wad Elhillew locality, Kassala state, Sudan. The simple random sample was adopted to select 105 farmers in the study area. A structured questionnaire was used for primary data collection. Descriptive analysis used to display the socio-economic characteristics of respondents, multiple regression and T-test were also used to test the relationships between some variables.

On-farm research on profitability of maize (Zea mays, L.) production in the Northern Region of Ghana was conducted in five districts during 2014 and 2015 cropping seasons. Research fields were laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with 16 treatments and three replications. Treatments consisted of control (T1), synthetic fertilizer treatments alone (T2, T3, T4, T5, T10, T11, T12, and T13), synthetic fertilizers and poultry manure treatments (T6, T7, T8, T9, T14, and T15), and T16 (only Sulphate of Ammonia as topdressing).

Pesticides directly and indirectly alter the aquatic organism’s tissue biochemistry and physiology. These pesticides are posing a great threat to aquatic fauna especially to fishes, which constitute one of the major sources of protein rich food for mankind. Lambda cyhalothrin is a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide used in agriculture field to control pests and increase yield. This chemical mainly affects the stomach wall and central nervous system which damage the nervous transmission. Observing the biochemical factors led to the identifications of various effects produced by the toxicants.

Objective: Soils in Burkina Faso are mostly characterized by their poverty in organic matter and nutrients. Several sources of organic matter were studied in Burkina Faso, but few scientific results are available on the use of neem (Azadirachtaindica). The current study was initiated to evaluate the effect of neemseed cake (NSC) on lowland rice productivity. The experimental design was a randomized blocks design established in Manzourin 2017.

Coffee production in Brazil is consolidated through changes in production management in response to the demand for quality and sustainable products. Good agricultural practices permeate all stages of production, and the various certifications, in the search for competitiveness. The financial reward and gain in competitiveness in the activity have been more perceived by the cooperative producers. The Cooperative actsis a channel of information flow on management and quality for the producer.

Soybean [Glycine max (L) Merril] is among the most important legume crops produced in western Ethiopia. However, declining soil fertility as well as poor soil fertility management practices has limited its yields. A field experiment was conducted in Yayo District on a farmer’s training centre to investigate the effect of phosphorus on yield and yield components of soybean varieties. The treatments included factorial combinations of six phosphorus rates (0, 11.5, 23, 34.5, 46 and 57.5 kg P2O5 ha-1) and three soybean varieties [Clark-63k, Ethio-Yugoslavia and Jalale (AGS-217)].