Health Sciences

The demographic, epidemiological, and economic transition in India has changed the health scenario in a significant way during the last two decades. Because of this transition, the non-communicable diseases and injuries lie on the forefront of health care delivery system. Among all types of injury, head injury has serious consequences and major implications. The present study assesses the burden of head injury and identifies the factors influencing outcome of head injury patients at a tertiary care teaching hospital in North West Rajasthan.

Background: With recent rapid development, Botswana has been a host country to migrant workers from various countries and regions of the world for many years. The aim of this study is to investigate the sexual behavior of migrant workers in Botswana and determine the risk factors for unsafe sex. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted (n = 422), in the two biggest cities of Botswana (Gaborone and Francistown) regarding the sexual behavior of migrant workers by using a structured questionnaire tool for data collection.

The Palmaris longus muscle is the most suitable autograft material for various reconstructive surgeries. Keeping this in view the present cadaveric study was undertaken. The study was carried out in the Department of Anatomy, JSS Medical College, Mysore, Karnataka State, India. The Palmaris longus muscle was dissected in 30 adult embalmed cadavers (60 limbs), 10 females and 20 males, the average age of the cadavers was between 40-60 years.

Ayurveda has its unique concepts and methods to deal with the disease. These concepts are as useful in present context as they were 5 thousand years back. Bhaishajya sevan kaal(Times of oral administration of medicine) is one of these concepts which is very unique & plays important role in treatment of any disease. Charak has mentioned 10 different Bhaishajya sevan kaal(Times of oral administration of medicine) with their indications and uses (Yadavaji Trikamji et al., 1984 ).

Background: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is recognized by the innate immune system. This study was designed to investigate the effects of simvastatin on LPS-induced renal oxidative and immunological changes of mice. Methods: Male Swiss mice were injected with LPS (1 mg/kg; i.p.) and the effects of pretreatment with simvastatin (10 mg/kg; i.p.) on LPS-induced renal failure and kidney pathology were examined 3 hours post LPS injection. Plasma concentrations of urea, creatinine and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity as well as kidney contents of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-10 were assessed.

Background: Congenital hypopituitarism is a rare clinical syndrome of deficiency in pituitary hormones. It is a life threatening. Design and selling: A retrospective hospital- based study was conducted at King Khalid University Hospital (KKUH), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia during the period January 1989 and December 2014 Methods: Medical records of patient who were diagnosed to have congenital hypopituitarism were retrospectively reviwed. Data included age, sex, clinical presentation and results of the relevant laboratory and radiological investigations.

We have reviewed the antibiotic susceptibility profiles for 138 clinical isolates of B. pseudomallei obtained from the first positive clinical specimen from 138 melioidosis patients over 13 years. All isolates of B. pseudomallei (100%) tested against imipenem, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, piperacillin/ tazobactam and meropenem were sensitive. Whereas little resistance was reported against ceftazidime (n=1, 0.7%), chloramphenicol (n=2, 2.1%), tigecycline (n=2, 0.4%) and cefipime (n=2, 2.3%). Up to half isolates tested for trimethoprim/sulphamethazole showed resistance (n=52, 38.3%).

Background: Modern restorative dentistry offers many methods of restoring the carious teeth. The advancements in adhesive dentistry have brought significant changes in the treatment of caries. Dental composite formulations have been continuously evolving ever since BISGMA was introduced to dentistry by Boven in 1962. The composite materials can be divided into direct and indirect resin composites (IRC). Indirect composite restorations are usually recommended in posterior teeth requiring large restorations.

Pressure ulceration of the skin is a pervasive problem in health care. The cost of the problem is enormous, both in terms of individual human suffering and in terms of the financial expenses to society. Approximately 60,000 people a year die from complications of pressure ulcers. The epidemiology reveals at least three major at risk groups: (1) the young neurologically impaired patient, (2) the elderly patient, (3) the hospitalized patient. Healthy and mobile individuals make numerous postural adjustments throughout the day to prevent pressure sores from ever developing.

Objective: Retrospective assessment of response rate, clinical outcome and toxicity in head and neck cancer patients treated with induction chemotherapy followed by concomitant chemo radiotherapy. Patients and Methods: From April 2011 till March 2014, we collected the data for patients with locally advanced head and neck cancer who were treatment with 3 cycles of induction chemotherapy using cisplatin and fluorouracil (5-FU), (PF) followed by radiation therapy for a total radiation dose of 66 Gy and concomitant cisplatin at a dose of 100 mg/m2 on days 1, 22, and 43 of radiotherapy.