Life Sciences

Oral drug delivery is the most desirable, preferred and convenient route for the administration of a drug, whenever systemic effects are intended, However, low oral bioavailability of some actives due to extensive hepatic metabolism and gastrointestinal degradation has prompted the search for more effective routes for their systemic delivery. Transmucosal routes of drug delivery (the mucosal linings of the nasal, rectal, vaginal and buccal cavity), parenteral route and transdermal route offer distinct advantages over peroral administration.

Background: Several studies have shown that C-reactive protein is positively associated with the body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), but the association of the concentration of C reactive protein with lipid and glycemic profile is still controversial. This study aimed to determine high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) concentrations in patients undergoing angiography and its correlation with BMI, WC and biochemical parameters.

Meloidogyne incognita (MI) contributes to yield losses in okra worldwide. Rhizophora mangle (RM) has been used in the management of insects, but not on MI. A pot experiment was laid out in completely randomized design to determine the effects of aqueous bark extracts of RM and carbofuran on MI-infected okra. Meloidogyne incognita-infected okra plants were treated with RM aqueous extracts of 20%, 10%, 5% weight per volume (w/v) and carbofuran 3 kg. a.i./ha one week after inoculation (WAI). Data were collected on growth parameters fortnightly till 8 WAI.

Mothers might need social support in early period after childbirth and who have adequate social support adapt to breastfeeding easier. This descriptive study aimed to determine the effect of breastfeeding education on social support and breastfeeding self-efficacy in Turkish women. The research data were collected in Antalya Training and Research Hospital between February and May 2016. Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Short Form Scale was used for data collection.

Chitosan is a versatile hydrophic polysaccharide derived from chitin, has a broad antimicrobial spectrum to which gram negative, Gram positive bacteria and fungi are highly susceptible. The applicability of the chitosan is directly with its physicochemical features. Without affect its chemical properties different process of extraction and purification can be caused changes in deactylation degree, molecular weight, thermal stability and crystalline level in the chitosan molecule.

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the impact of urban air pollution (air pollutants SPM, RSPM, SO2 and NOX) on epidermal structure of Ziziphus mauritiana growing along the road sides in Rewa city. The monitored values of SPM, RSPM, SO2 and NOX at the sampling sites clearly illustrates that the ambient air of Rewa city is primarily deteriorated by particulate matters (SPM, RSPM) and least by gaseous pollutants (SO2, NOx). The light microscopic studies of Ziziphus mauritiana leaves exposed to urban air pollution showed marked alterations in the micro-morphological parameters.

This paper focused on the involvement of Almajiris in violent crimes in Sokoto Metropolis. The word 'Almajiri (student) is singular' derived from the Arabic word 'Almuhajir' emigrant. It refers to an Islamic method of acquiring and memorizing the Glorious Qur'an in Hausa/Fulani community where boys at their tender ages are sent out by their parents or guardians to the far and near villages, towns and cities for the search of Qur'anic education under an Islamic scholar called Mallam. Two research questions and two hypotheses were formulated for the study.

Tapioca is a food produced from the cassava roots and is commonly used in Brazil to prepare many products. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of tapioca on the metabolic profile of Wistar rats. Twenty female rats were divided in G1: control group (n=10) and G2: treated group (n=10). The treated group received tapioca flour mixed to the rat food for 45 days, and the control group received commercial rat food. Body weight was evaluatedthree times a week. Blood samples were collected to evaluate glycemia, total cholesterol (TC), LDL-c, HDL-c, and triglycerides (TG).

Sarcopenia is characterized by progressive loss of muscle mass and strength or function during the aging process, and has been recognized as a relevant factor for the occurrence of health problems. The objective of this study was to verify the prevalence of sarcopenia, the body composition and the energy-protein intake in hospitalized elderly. The studied elderly were admitted to the Integrated Continuing Care Unit of a Brazilian hospital.

The type, distribution and population of plant-parasitic nematodes on crops change over time and space. It is pertinent to know their current status to ensure effective management. A survey was carried out to determine the occurrence and population of plant-parasitic nematodes associated with cassava in the East Senatorial District of Rivers State, Nigeria. Multi-stage random sampling method was used to collect soil and root samples from 56 farms growing cassava in monoculture across four Local Government Areas.