Life Sciences

In the present study, the yeast Pichia fermentans was isolated from fruit waste and identified and utilized for the biosynthesis of silver (Ag NPs) and Zinc oxide (ZnO NPs) nanoparticles. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction, Transmission Electron Microscopy, Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. The characterization study revealed the maximum size of Ag NPs was 98.6 nm and ZnO NPs was 140 nm. The nanoparticles were evaluated for their anticancer activity against Acute Myeloid Leukemia cells (THP1) cells.

Nutritive value and fermentation characteristics of Chloris gayana as sole crop, Clitoria ternatea as sole crop and a mixture of both Chloris gayana and Clitoria ternatea with the effect of stage of growth and phosphorous fertilization was determined using two different techniques: (i) the in vitro gas production and (ii) the in situ nylon bag degradability technique. Samples of 45 and 60 days from sowing were used. The phosphorous fertilization was applied at a rate of 0, 50, 75 and 100 kg P2O5 / ha. Samples were incubated in situ and in vitro for 4, 8, 16, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h.

A total of 50 gastrointestinal tract of domestic pigs were collected in and around Cheyyar taluk, Thiruvannamalai District. The work carried was out for six months from February 2016 to July 2016.Parasitological examination of intestinal tract revealed the presence of helminth parasites and protozoans. Out 50 domestic pigs, 48 (96%) pigs were infected with trematode, cestode, nematode and protozoans. Out 48 domestic pigs 20 were young pigs (below 1 year) and 28 were adult pigs (above 1 year old).Out 48 infected pigs 13 types of parasites were identified using standard procedure.

To understand the effect of sublethal concentration of untreated sugarcane mill effluent water on vital organs of fresh water fish Tilapia mossambica was selected. The biochemical studies on Brain, Muscle and Liver have been carried out. The histological studies on Brain, Gill, Liver, kidney, Testis and ovaries have also been carried out along with control group of fishes.LC50 value was found out before the experiment by the methods of Saptami Moitra and verma (1997). The LC50 was arrived for sugarcane effluent water at a rate of 7ml/lit/per day (i.e.) considered as 1/3 of LC50 value.

Quality protein maize (QPM) has approximately twice tryptophan (Trp) and lysine (Lys) concentrations in protein compared to normal maize. Because several genetic systems control the protein quality of QPM, it is essential to regularly monitor Trp and/or Lys in QPM breeding programs. The objective of the study was to evaluate the capability of NIRS method in determining tryptophan content of QPM which enhance the efficiency of QPM research efforts by partially replacing more expensive and time-consuming wet chemistry analysis.

The aim of the research was to determine the effects of different intra-row spacing (20, 30 and 40 cm) and nitrogen levels (0, 40, 80 and 120 kg ha-1) on yield and yield components of confectionery sunflower genotype (Alaca). The experiment was laid on “Randomized Complete Block Design” as split plots with three replications.  The highest seed yield obtained from 20 cm intra-row spacing and 120 kg ha-1 nitrogen and the score were 243.3 kg da-1 and 315.3 kg da-1 in 2007 and 2008.

Nanoparticles are the perfect materials for wastewater treatment and efficient in removal of pathogens, dye decolourization and organic compound removal and the biological synthesis of nanoparticles is an ecofriendly process. Hence the present study trends in about the biosynthesis of Titanium dioxide nanoparticles and evaluation of its ability in waste water treatment. The biologically synthesized Titanium-dioxide nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis, SEM-EDAX, TEM, XRD and FTIR.

Insect make up the largest and most diverse group of organisms on earth, contributing to as much as 80 – 90 %   of the world’s biodiversity. Approximately 950,000 species of insects have been described, some estimate there are 4,000 000 species in total. Over 70 % of drugs on the market are derived from natural compounds, however, insect are one of the least explored groups in drug discovery. A large portion of animals on earth, particularly insects, utilize chemicals as their primary tools of warfare and defense.

Senescence is the final stage of the plant development which leads to cell death. This process consists of a highly regulated, ordered series of events involving loss of photosynthetic capability, breakdown of proteins, loss of chlorophyll, disintegration of chloroplasts and export of all solubilised nutrients. The regulation and control of gene expression of senescence is governed by a set of Senescence Associated Genes (SAGs). They encode the enzymes which degrade the biomolecules during the leaf senescence and thus strictly associated with senescence in different plants.

In muster actions decisions must be taken very quick. So human error will take an important role. Hence it is very important to predict human error probability and the associated risk. Human Error Probability Index is a methodology for analyzing human error in emergency muster actions. The objective of this study was to analyze the risk of human error in muster action in emergency conditions in South Pars Gas Complex and obtain the HEPI reference graphs to be used in all onshore gas refineries. Calculations was based on SLIM and the judges were selected from SPGC.