Silica-rich geomaterials and their use as heterogeneous catalysts in the transesterification reaction to produce biodiesel
A silica-rich geomaterial of a mining tail was prepared and tested as a heterogeneous catalyst in the transesterification reaction in soybean oil to produce the corresponding fatty acid methyl esters (biodiesel). The dry raw geomaterial was characterized by powder X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and 57Fe-Mössbauer spectroscopy. The raw mineral sample was then dispersed in aqueous solution containing 35 g KI 100 mL-1 to form the chemically active solid catalyst.