Health Sciences

Background: Substance abuse is the taking of substances or a deliberate use of substances for the purposes other than its intended purpose. It is estimated that 9% of the global population aged 12 or older are classified with dependence on psychoactive substance such as alcohol. Substance abuse among Ethiopia adolescents is considerably rising.  Therefore this study aimed that to assess prevalence of substance abuse and associated factors among university students, Tigray, Ethiopia, 2016. 

Background: Worldwide prematurity and its complications are the leading cause of death among newborns accounting for 1million deaths per year. In Ethiopia among the three main direct causes of neonatal death, prematurity and its complications account 37 %. Therefore,   this study aimed to assess patterns of preterm neonatal death and associated factors in Ayder referral hospital, North Ethiopia. 

A study was undertaken to assess the impact of feeding a balanced ration on the SNF content of milk and production performance in crossbred cows in Kozhikode district. Out of 133 animals screened, 73 crossbred cows were identified with low SNF. Milk yield, milk fat, SNF and net daily income of milk producers were recorded before and after feeding a balanced ration. Nutritional status of animals indicated that about 37% of the animals had either deficiency of protein or energy in the ration, whereas, ration of 100% of the animals was deficit in calcium and phosphorus.

Voice is a carrier of emotions and sentiments. It is, moreover, a distinctive element of one’s personality. Voice is generated in the vocal tract from a sound produced in the larynx. When alterations occur in the normal process of voice emission, that dysfunction is called dysphonia. Dysphonia may be caused by Laryngopharyngeal Reflux (LPR). Correlations among the mentioned parameters are scarcely examined in the existing literature, making it pertinent to render information available and throw light on the issue.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the phytochemical investigation of bio-active compounds by using GC-MS and anthelmintic activity of whole plant of chloroform extract of Lantana camara L. GC-MS analysis of chloroform extract of Lantana camara L. was performed on a GC–MS equipment (Thermo Scientific Co. Thermo GC-TRACE ultra ver.: 5.0, Thermo MS DSQ II). The chloroform extract of Lantana camara L. was screened for anthelmintic activity on Pheritima posthuma. The preliminary phytochemical study revealed that chloroform extract of Lantana camara L.

The maintenance of optimal cardiac output is mandatory to reduce the incidence of postoperative complications and length of hospital stay. Despite the advantages of cardiac output monitoring, most of the modalities to measure cardiac output had been invasive thereby preventing their liberal use. However, nowadays, cardiac output can be measured noninvasively using a thoracic bioimpedance technique.

Caries dentalis one of the most common human disease. One of the bacteria considered thata very important role in the mechanism of plaque formation and increased colonization of bacteria that cause caries is Streptococcus mutans. S. mutans is considered as bacteria that causes caries dentaldue to their ability to form biofilm on the tooth surface. Searching of bioactive compounds from natural materials is still the alternative, one of the plants that has potential is Myrmecodia pendans. In previous studies, the ethyl acetate extract of M. pendans reported can inhibit the growth of S.

Background: An organized physical exercise program is a physiotherapeutic tool in promoting functional efficacy in old age.
Aim: To determine the quality of knowledge possessed by older adults on organized physical exercise programme as a physiotherapeutic tool in promoting functional efficacy in old age and to verify the null hypotheses of no significant difference on demographic characteristics of the subjects.

Caraluma fimbriata and Cassia nomame are native plants in India and Japan, respectively, and are very used in extract form to prevent obesity: loss of appetite and satiety, and also forcing fat reserves to be burned. The Allium cepa test has great correlation with mammalian test, being very efficient to analyze mutagenic and anti-mutagenic effects of substances, exposed in direct contact with its roots, through of mitotic index (MI) the micronuclei frequency (MN) and chromosomal aberrations (CA) analyzes.

The present study was carried out with the aim of determining the perception that the patient has cancer in a terminal state with regard to the quality of nursing care in a hospital of high specialty in Mexico. It is a cross-sectional descriptive study in which it applied the Questionnaire on the Quality of Nursing Care (CUCACE) which is composed of two sections that contains a total of 45 items with response in the Likert scale that was applied to 30 patients that corresponds to a total population.